RESUMO
The Taihu (Tai lake) region is one of the most economically prospering areas of China. Due to its location within this district of high anthropogenic activities, Taihu represents a drastic example of water pollution with nutrients (nitrogen, phosphate), organic contaminants and heavy metals. High nutrient levels combined with very shallow water create large eutrophication problems, threatening the drinking water supply of the surrounding cities. Within the international research project SIGN (SinoGerman Water Supply Network, www.water-sign.de), funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), a powerful consortium of fifteen German partners is working on the overall aim of assuring good water quality from the source to the tap by taking the whole water cycle into account: The diverse research topics range from future proof strategies for urban catchment, innovative monitoring and early warning approaches for lake and drinking water, control and use of biological degradation processes, efficient water treatment technologies, adapted water distribution up to promoting sector policy by good governance. The implementation in China is warranted, since the leading Chinese research institutes as well as the most important local stakeholders, e.g. water suppliers, are involved.
RESUMO
The vibrational structure of dimethoate, with its solid state and saturated solutions at acidic and basic conditions, was characterized with combination of means of FTIR and FT-Raman vibrational spectroscopy technology, and the comprehensive information about the dimethoate molecular groups' vibrational features was obtained. The surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of dimethoate at different concentrations with different acidic and basic conditions, and adsorbed on the substrate's surface of the core-shell Au/Ag nanoparticles, were also obtained. The adsorption states of dimethoate's molecule on the substrate's surface of the core-shell Au/Ag nanoparticles and the effects by the different acid-base conditions were investigated, with speculation of the adsorption mechanism. From the results, v(as)(NH), v(as)(CH3), v(O=C-N), tau(O=C-N), v(P-O), v(P=S), v(C-C) and delta(P-O-C) are the characteristic peaks of inner dimethoate structure's vibrations; and the concentration range in which dimethoate could interact with core-shell Au/Ag nanoparticles fully is about 1.0 x 10(-3) mol * L(-1) both in acidic and basic conditions. Dimethoate's molecule interacts with SERS' substrate surface mainly through P-O-C, O=C-C, (S-CH2), P=S, and CH3 structures; and the effects of dimethoate's hydrolysis path in acidic and basic conditions on the adsorption are discussed, which give some good references for the research of organophosphorus pesticides' transformations in different environmental systems.
